What is the definition of spending (infaq), and is it a science with principles and arts, and how did the Prophet (peace be upon him) spend on himself, his household, and his subjects?

"Infaq" (spending) comes from the root "anfaqa," and it carries meanings such as poverty and the expenditure of money. Islamic law has regulated spending, prohibiting extravagance (israf) and miserliness (taqtir), commanding moderation, and forbidding spending on unlawful things.

As for how the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, spent on himself and his household, he was not concerned with worldly matters. His household would go for periods subsisting only on dates and water, and fire would not be lit in their homes for months.

Regarding his spending on good deeds, he was the most generous of people, and he was most generous during Ramadan. He also encouraged the giving of wealth.