Which Surahs and verses include meanings about Zakat, those who pay Zakat, those who give charity, and those who give charity?

There is no specific Qur'anic surah dedicated to zakat and sadaqa (charity), but the Qur'an and Sunnah are replete with verses and hadiths that encourage them and praise those who perform them, such as His (Allah's) saying, the Most High: "Indeed, the men who practice charity and the women who practice charity and [who] have loaned Allah a goodly loan - it will be multiplied for them, and they will have a noble reward." The command for zakat and sadaqa applies equally to men and women, with the exception of certain matters specific to men, like jihad and Jumu'ah (Friday prayer). Many verses have been revealed that illustrate the recompense for those who spend, such as His (Allah's) saying, the Most High: "Those who spend their wealth [in Allah's way] by night and by day, secretly and publicly - they will have their reward with their Lord. And no fear will there be concerning them, nor will they grieve." Zakat is a fundamental pillar of Islam, and its mention has been coupled with prayer in many verses of the Qur'an, and there is a severe warning against withholding it.