Is it a condition for Hijra (emigration) that one must not return to Dar al-Kufr (the land of disbelief) for it to be valid? And is traveling to the lands of the Two Holy Mosques (Mecca and Medina) for seeking knowledge considered Hijra, even with the intention of returning to one's homeland? And is a country that does not receive immigrants and deports them to Dar al-Kufr sinful?

Emigration from lands of disbelief is obligatory only for those who fear fitna (temptation/persecution) for themselves or are unable to openly practice their religious rituals. It is, however, recommended for those who are safe from fitna and can openly practice their religion. If emigration becomes obligatory, it is impermissible to return to those lands as long as the reason for emigration persists. However, if the reason ceases to exist, and the land becomes a land of Islam or safety, then returning to it is not forbidden. The prohibition against returning after emigration is specific to the emigration of the Companions to Medina, and that was in the early days of Islam. This prohibition was later lifted according to some, while others maintained that it remained for the first Muhajirun (emigrants). The preponderant opinion is that the default rule is the permissibility for the emigrant to return to the country from which they emigrated if the reason necessitating the emigration no longer exists.