Is a wife required to keep her father's name after marriage, and if the reason for this is lineage, what is the evidence for that from the Quran and Sunnah?

The effects of imitating the West in naming conventions are numerous, among them the omission of the word "ibn" (son of) or "bint" (daughter of), and attributing the wife to her husband.

The original practice is for the wife to be "So-and-so, daughter of So-and-so," not "So-and-so, wife of So-and-so," based on the Almighty's saying: ﴿Call them by [the names of] their fathers; it is more just in the sight of Allah﴾, and the Prophet's (peace be upon him) saying: "Indeed, a banner will be raised for every betrayer on the Day of Resurrection, and it will be said, 'This is the betrayal of So-and-so, son of So-and-so.'"

This is because attribution to the father is more defining and more distinguishing. Furthermore, the father is the guardian and responsible for his family.

There is no lineage relationship between spouses for the wife to be attributed to her husband's lineage. Moreover, she might divorce or marry another; would her lineage change every time she remarries?

In addition, her attribution to her father has rulings related to inheritance, maintenance, and mahramiyyah (prohibition of marriage), and attributing her lineage to her husband would nullify these.

Therefore, whoever has deviated from this should correct the matter.