What is the difference between assassination and killing? What is the ruling on someone who kills a person by mistake? What is the ruling on someone who cannot fast for 60 consecutive days, and can someone fast on their behalf?
Assassination is a type of killing called "ghilah killing" (killing by treachery or stealth), which means killing by surprise, such as when someone deceives another to kill him. Some jurists consider it an act of hirabah (unlawful warfare/banditry).
Whoever kills a person intentionally deserves the ruling of intentional killing, and the guardians of the deceased have the choice of qisas (retaliation in kind), diyah (blood money), or forgiveness.
Whoever kills a person by mistake is obligated to pay diyah (blood money) and perform (expiation) by fasting for two consecutive months.
It is not permissible to feed the poor instead of fasting for the expiation of accidental killing for someone who cannot find a slave to free or is unable to fast.
No one fasts on behalf of another during their lifetime. However, after death, it is recommended for their guardian to fast on their behalf for any obligatory fasts, such as those from , vows, or expiations, according to the Shafi'is and some of the Salaf. In contrast, the majority of scholars believe that no fasting is done on behalf of the deceased whatsoever.
"Wali" (guardian) in the includes every close relative.
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