Is it permissible for me to borrow from my wife or perform Hajj with her money, knowing that I have money invested in foreign companies, and is the Zakat on this invested money sufficient?

The pilgrim's expenses must be from a lawful source. If someone performs Hajj with unlawfully acquired money, their Hajj is valid, but they will not be rewarded for it. There is no objection to borrowing money for Hajj, provided that the borrowed money is lawful. Money deposited in interest-based banks is subject to zakat (definition) on its principal amount, but not on its unlawful earnings. Depositing money in such banks is impermissible except in cases of pressing necessity, such as safeguarding the wealth when no Islamic alternative is available.