What is the ruling on studying philosophy, a subject that involves doubt concerning the existence of God, resurrection, and accountability, especially when the professor mocks religion and the verses of Allah? And does Allah's saying, "And He has already revealed to you in the Book that when you hear the verses of Allah [recited], they are denied and ridiculed. So do not sit with them until they enter into another conversation. Indeed, you would then be like them. Indeed, Allah will gather the hypocrites and disbelievers in Hell all together," apply to this situation?

Studying philosophy and related subjects is not permissible except to expose their falsehood and the deviance of their adherents, provided that the student is proficient in Islamic sciences and capable of refuting specious arguments. The general principle is to avoid studying these subjects and to keep away from their proponents. Allah the Almighty says: "And He has already revealed to you in the Book that when you hear the verses of Allah being denied and ridiculed, do not sit with them until they enter into another conversation. Indeed, in that case, you would be like them. Indeed, Allah will gather the hypocrites and disbelievers in Hell all together" [An-Nisa: 140]. And He the Almighty says: "And when you see those who engage in [offensive] discourse concerning Our verses, then turn away from them until they enter into another conversation. And if Satan should cause you to forget, then do not remain after the remembrance with the wrongdoing people" [Al-An'am: 68]. If avoiding the study would lead to expulsion from the institute, and you are compelled, then there is no harm in attending the course without delving deeply into it, while increasing your knowledge of Islamic sciences, associating with righteous women, inviting to Allah, supplicating to Allah for protection from deviation, advising and warning your female colleagues, and denouncing the wrongdoing of the instructor.