Is being content with the religion of a non-Muslim and validating it described as absolute loyalty or absolute allegiance when compared to mere allegiance? And does absolute loyalty mean absolute allegiance in negating Islam?

Some exegetes divide wilayah (allegiance/guardianship) into wilayah mutlaqah (absolute allegiance) and mutlaq al-muwalat (the essence of allegiance). Wilayah mutlaqah means complete and total allegiance, while mutlaq al-muwalat refers to the fundamental principle of allegiance and the minimum to which its name applies. Some scholars differentiate between the term "al-muwalat" (allegiance) and "at-tawalli" (taking as allies/patrons). At-tawalli is absolute allegiance, meaning offering complete love and support; it is the pinnacle of muwalat and more specific than muwalat. Thus, every tawalli is included within muwalat, but not vice-versa.

Scholars differ on the distinction between al-muwalat and at-tawalli. Some view them as synonymous, and that injustice (or wrongdoing) is determined by the degree of tawalli; if it is complete, it constitutes disbelief (kufr). Others perceive a distinction and divide al-muwalat into two categories: absolute general muwalat (explicit disbelief), which is synonymous with at-tawalli, and specific muwalat (for worldly gain, with sound belief).

Al-Razi posits that showing allegiance to a disbeliever can be: by approving of their disbelief (forbidden and disbelief); or by beautiful companionship (not forbidden); or by inclining towards them and assisting them while believing their religion is false (does not necessitate disbelief but is prohibited because it may lead to approving of their religion). Some verses prohibit taking disbelievers as awliya (allies/patrons).

It is advised not to rely on the words of Adnan Ibrahim.