What is the ruling on earnings in the case of returning home before the official end of working hours or spending most of the time at the company's premises without working, taking into account the nature of the work that allows for follow-up from home, and the absence of work that can be completed at the company? And how can one expiate for these earnings if they are not permissible, given the impossibility of returning the money to the company and the lack of additional work to compensate?

One must adhere to official working hours and perform the required tasks. It is not permissible to leave the workplace without permission, and following up on work through communication means does not make it permissible to leave the workplace without permission. The salary for hours during which no work was performed is permissible if the employer was able to utilize the employee's time. A private employee is entitled to the full wage by making himself available for the duration, whether there was work or not. As for the hours during which the employee was absent without permission, he is not entitled to salary for them unless his employer absolves him; otherwise, he must return what corresponds to those hours to the employer.