What is the ruling on a woman smiling at one of the Muslim men in the diaspora with the aim of making them feel a sense of belonging, and what is the ruling on a woman smiling at a man or vice versa in general?

A woman must cover her face from non-mahram men. Her smiling at them to achieve familiarity and kindness necessitates each looking at the other, which is forbidden due to the Almighty's saying: (Tell the believing men to lower their gaze) and (Tell the believing women to lower their gaze). This smile may cause temptation, similar to a submissive voice. The Permanent Committee for Issuing Fatwas was asked: "What is the ruling on a woman who smiles in front of a non-mahram man, but without showing her teeth and without sound?" They replied: "It is forbidden for a woman to uncover her face and to smile at a non-mahram man; because this leads to evil." Muslims in communities should be honored and brought together without falling into forbidden acts, for men deal with men, and women attend to women.