What is the ruling on raising one's voice while reciting the Quran during Dhuhr and Asr prayers and the regular Sunnah prayers, for an individual worshipper?
The prescribed method for a worshiper is to recite silently in the Dhuhr (noon) and Asr (afternoon) prayers, whether as an Imam, a follower, or praying alone. This is based on the practice of the Prophet, peace be upon him, and the transmission of generations from the Salaf (pious predecessors). If one recites audibly where silence is prescribed, their prayer is still valid, but they have acted contrary to the Sunnah, as indicated by the agreed-upon Hadith of Abu Qatadah: "And he would sometimes let us hear the verse." Some scholars have held that intentionally reciting audibly where silence is prescribed invalidates the prayer, but the correct view is that of the majority. Therefore, it is advised not to recite audibly in Dhuhr and Asr prayers, in compliance with the Sunnah and to avoid scholarly disagreement. It is also advised to be diligent in performing congregational prayers; however, if a congregation is not available, there is no harm in praying alone.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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