What is the difference between the optional time (al-waqt al-ikhtiyari) and the necessary time (al-waqt al-idhtirari) for prayer according to the Four Imams, and what is the most preponderant view on this?
For the five daily prayers, there are different times: a time of excellence (waqt al-fadilah), a time of choice (waqt al-ikhtiyar), and a time of necessity (waqt al-).
The time of excellence (waqt al-fadilah): It begins with the start of each prayer time and extends for a duration sufficient to prepare for it.
The time of choice (waqt al-ikhtiyar): It begins with the time of excellence, and its end varies according to the prayer: - Dhuhr: Ends when only enough time remains to perform the prayer. - Asr: Ends when the shadow of everything becomes twice its length. - Maghrib: Ends with the conclusion of the time of excellence. - Isha: Ends with the conclusion of the first third of the night. - Fajr: Ends with al-Isfar (just before sunrise).
The time of necessity (waqt al-darurah): This is the last portion of the prayer time for someone whose impediment preventing prayer has been removed, such as the cessation of insanity, and the remaining time is just enough for the opening takbir (takbirat al-). This necessitates performing the missed prayer and any prayers that can be combined with it.
The jurisprudential differences among the schools of thought are a mercy, and preferring one over another is relative.
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