How do I compare for female students among annulment, divorce, and khulʿ?
The separation between spouses occurs through divorce (Talaq) or annulment (Faskh). Talaq is the termination of the marital relationship by the husband, and it has specific pronouncements. The husband can take his wife back during her 'iddah (waiting period) in a revocable divorce, and it counts towards the number of divorces. As for Faskh, it is the nullification of the contract from its origin, and it occurs by judicial ruling or religious decree. It does not require the husband's pronouncement or consent. There is no return for the husband to his wife after Faskh except with a new contract and her consent. It does not count towards the number of divorces, and it occurs for compelling reasons such as apostasy, the husband's inability to provide maintenance, or the presence of a defect. Faskh before consummation does not obligate anything of the Mahr (dowry) for the woman, whereas Talaq obligates half of the named Mahr. Khul' (dissolution of marriage at the wife's instance) is closer to Faskh than to Talaq.
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