What is the ruling on a partnership in which one party contributes two-thirds of the capital and the other contributes the remaining one-third while performing all the work, on the condition that the profits are equally shared? And is this partnership considered a company of bodies (Sharikat al-Abdan)?

This transaction is permissible, combining partnership (sharika) and profit-sharing (mudaraba). It is closer to mudaraba, as it involves two sums of money and the labor of one owner. Ibn Qudamah said: "As for the mudaraba which includes partnership, where two sums of money and the labor of one of their owners are combined... whatever profit share they stipulate for the worker, if it exceeds half, is permissible." Al-Khiraqi said: "If two bodies (i.e., persons) partner with the money of one of them, or two bodies with money belonging to neither of them, or a body and money, or two sums of money and the labor of one of their owners, or two bodies with their own money—whether the money is equal or differs—all of that is permissible. And the profit is distributed according to what they agree upon."