What is the ruling on selling an internet access organization service and collecting user data for institutions that deal with usury, or offer alcohol, or have Sharia prohibitions such as argilah (hookah), music, and intermingling?

It is not permissible to benefit from people's data except for the purpose for which it was written, unless they explicitly or implicitly permit it. If they permit it, there is no harm in selling it to someone who wishes to use it for a permissible matter.

As for institutions predominantly involved in forbidden activities, such as usurious banks, it is not permissible to provide them with this data, as this constitutes cooperation in sin, in accordance with the Almighty's saying: "And do not cooperate in sin and aggression."

However, if their activities are predominantly permissible, there is no harm in dealing with them, and the existence of some forbidden aspects does not prevent this, similar to restaurants and cafes, where the prevailing activity is what counts. As for Islamic banks, the principle is that their transactions are lawful, so there is no harm in providing them with data.