Why is it said that the Prophet (peace be upon him) was poor and died poor, and that he pawned his shield with a Jew, even though he was married to the wealthy Lady Khadijah?

The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, was poor, then Allah Almighty enriched him. This is indicated by the verse: (And He found you poor and made you rich) [Ad-Duha:8]. Its interpretation is that Allah enriched him through the profits he gained from trade, and through what Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) bestowed upon him from her abundant wealth, and from the wealth of Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him). It was also said that what is meant is his soul's contentment. Allah enriched him with all types of richness, the greatest of which is self-sufficiency, for he was the most content and satisfied of people. Despite his right to one-fifth of the spoils, he died with his shield mortgaged to a Jew, because he would expend whatever worldly possessions came to him in seeking Allah's pleasure and was content with bare sufficiency. There is no contradiction between his wealth and the mortgaging of his shield; this was due to his preference for the Hereafter over the world.