What is the ruling on carrying out capital punishment by firing squad instead of by sword, due to the scarcity of executioners and the bad reputation associated with it?
Killing by firing squad as a method of executing a hadd (prescribed punishment) is among contemporary issues (nawazil), and some later scholars have permitted it because the intention is to hasten death. However, no ruling from fiqh academies or fatwa committees on this matter has been found. The hadith "There is no qawd (retaliation/execution) except by the sword" is very weak.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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