What is the authenticity of the supplication: "O Allah, make us reach Your Night of Decree, and provide for us therein according to the measure of Your decree"? Is it permissible to attribute "Your Night of Decree" to Allah Almighty, or to ask for provision according to the measure of His decree?

It is not permissible to supplicate with "O Allah, make us reach Your Laylat al-Qadr and provide for us therein according to Your قدر (qadr - power/estimation)"; because it contains a reprehensible statement, which is "and provide for us therein according to Your قدر (qadr)", for Allah, glorified be He, there is nothing like unto Him, and His bounties are created and cannot be according to His power and greatness. As for "Your Laylat al-Qadr", it has a correct meaning; because "Laylat al-Qadr" (the Night of Decree/Power) was named thus because it is the night in which lifespans and provisions are decreed, and wise matters are distinguished therein.