What are the characteristics, meaning, and outcomes of Islamic culture, and what is the difference between it and Western culture?

The term "Islamic culture" is a modern one, unknown to the predecessors (Salaf). It is used in contrast to other cultures, such as Western culture, or to encompass the religious sciences. It refers to the knowledge and ideas derived from the sources of Islamic Sharia, and it stands in opposition to Western culture, which is derived from the principles and values of a materialistic society.