Did the Prophet (peace be upon him) apply al-wala’ wal-bara’ (loyalty and disavowal), and what are its limits? And do we show loyalty to every Muslim who testifies that there is no god but Allah, even if he is an innovator, and disavow partisan groups and others who claim Islam?

The legal principle is to be loyal to the believers and hostile to the disbelievers and to disavow them. As for the disobedient Muslim, he is to be loved and shown loyalty to the extent of the faith he possesses, and he is to be hated and shown hostility to the extent of the disobedience he commits. The believer must be shown loyalty, even if he commits injustice or aggression, and the disbeliever must be shown hostility, even if he does good. If a single person combines good and evil, he deserves loyalty and reward according to the good, and hostility and punishment according to the evil. This is the fundamental principle of the Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jama’ah, unlike the Khawarij and the Mu'tazilah.