What is the ruling on not washing or changing underwear when there is a doubt about something having exited the anus, especially when it is difficult to wash or change it multiple times daily, particularly when outside the home or at work?

The aforementioned discharge is impure. If it exits daily, even once, it is excused, and there is no need to wash it from the body or clothes, and prayer performed with it is valid. However, if it does not occur every day, it must be purified from the body and clothes. There is no need to wash outer clothes merely based on doubt. If there is enough time for prayer until returning home, one should wait to purify oneself and pray. But if the prayer time will expire before returning home or to a place of purification, one should pray in that state and then repeat the prayer after purification, or, according to some scholars, repetition is not obligatory.