Are the aforementioned statements, such as "If the world were to run as my father wished, Allah would not have sent messengers," and "Whoever swears by the trust is not one of us" in a certain context, and "He is our Lord, He has no one but us," considered disbelief that necessitates uttering the Two Testimonies, performing ghusl, and annulling the marriage contract?
A Muslim must guard his tongue and avoid phrases that may lead to his destruction, even if they do not amount to disbelief. This is based on Allah's saying: "O you who have believed, fear Allah and speak words of uprightness," and the Prophet's (peace be upon him) saying: "Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him speak good or remain silent." Uttering jokes carelessly can lead to ridiculing the religion and to disbelief, as in Allah's saying: "And if you ask them, they will surely say, 'We were only indulging in idle talk and play.' Say, 'Is it in Allah and His verses and His Messenger that you were mocking?' Make no excuse; you have disbelieved after your belief." The phrases mentioned in the question are inappropriate and one must repent from them, especially the last phrase, which suggests that Allah is preoccupied with one matter over another, and this is false. The questioner's regret and seeking forgiveness indicate that he did not intend to apostatize.
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