When and how was the Sacred House established? Was it before the creation of the heavens or after? And who built it for the first time before Abraham (peace be upon him)?

The Sacred House (Al-Bayt Al-Haram (definition)) did not exist with the creation of the earth. Allah, in His power, destined the House to be in that specific spot, and Mecca has been a sacred land since the creation of the heavens and the earth. The word "established" (wuḍi‘a) in the verse (Indeed, the first House established for mankind was that at Bakkah) means its foundation and preparation for utilization. It was the first house built for the worship and guidance of people. Scholars have differed regarding its first builder, and the most probable opinion is that it was Adam (peace be upon him), and that Ibrahim (Abraham) (peace be upon him) renovated its construction and raised its foundations. Several verses and hadiths indicate this, including: Allah's command to Ibrahim and Isma'il to purify the House, their raising of the foundations that were already in existence, Ibrahim's supplication at the Sacred House before its construction, and the angel's informing Hajar that her son and her husband would build the House.