What is the ruling on subscribing to the Teachers' Mutual Aid Fund, which is based on deducting a small monthly sum from an employee's salary in exchange for them receiving financial benefits such as 20% compensation for medicines, compensation for doctor's fees and surgical operations, circumcision expenses, and support for trips, which makes them benefit many times over what they contributed, knowing that some may not benefit? Is it permissible for a Muslim to retract what he has donated? Is this subscription considered optional social security? Is it permissible for the subscriber to claim their rights if what they pay is considered a donation?

There is no objection to a mutual insurance system based on cooperation and risk fragmentation, not on exchange and profit. The Islamic Fiqh Academy has approved cooperative (Takaful) insurance, which is based on the voluntary contributions of participants and the coverage of risks from a designated fund. This aligns with the Sharia evidence that calls for cooperation and righteousness. Cooperative insurance differs from commercial insurance in that, in the former, the company's role is limited to management, and its surplus is returned to the insured, which helps reduce premiums. In the latter, the company aims to profit from the premiums, and its surplus belongs to it, leading to high premiums. A participant's claim for compensation when a risk occurs does not contradict their donation, because they are claiming what was agreed upon by the participants regarding mutual responsibility for each other's misfortunes. The basis for this is the Almighty's saying: {And cooperate in righteousness and piety}, and the Hadith of the Ash'aris.