How can a solidarity fund be established in a Sharia-compliant manner, and what is the ruling on dealing with this fund concerning Hajj and Umrah, and interest-free loans for schools, knowing that it engages in usurious transactions and its money is deposited in an interest-based bank?

It is not permissible to subscribe to the fund unless it adheres to Sharia-compliant regulations and ceases to deal with usury (riba). The Sharia-compliant alternative to usury is to invest funds through halal methods, such as legitimate Mudarabah (profit-sharing). There is no objection to dealing with the fund through a benevolent loan or participating in Hajj and Umrah trips if the cost is paid and no benefit is derived from usurious returns. Usurious banks today are based on riba, which is forbidden by the Qur'an, Sunnah, and scholarly consensus. Islamic Fiqh academies and fatwa institutions have stipulated the prohibition of this type of riba and the prohibition of dealing with such banks. This has been affirmed by multiple conferences and resolutions since 1965, considering every increase or interest on a debt, as well as interest on a loan from the beginning of the contract, to be usury strictly forbidden by Sharia.