Is a makeup fast required of one who drank water five or ten minutes after the Fajr call to prayer, thinking that the Adhan had not yet been raised?

Scholars have differed regarding the ruling on someone who ate or drank, believing that night was still present or that the sun had set, and then it became clear that they were mistaken. Many of them held that their fast was invalidated and that making up the day was obligatory. Others, however, held that their fast was valid and that no make-up was required. This is the view of Mujahid and Al-Hasan, a narration from Imam Ahmad, and was chosen by Al-Muzani, Ibn Taymiyyah, and Al-Uthaymeen.

The proponents of the second view cited the verse: "Our Lord, do not impose blame upon us if we have forgotten or erred" (Quran 2:286). They also cited incidents from the time of the Prophet, peace be upon him, and the Companions, such as people breaking their fast believing the sun had set, and then it reappeared; and some Companions eating until dawn became clear, yet they were not commanded to make up the fast. Also, it is authentically reported that Umar ibn Al-Khattab broke his fast, and then it became clear that it was still daytime, whereupon he said: "We do not make up the fast, for we did not incline to sin."

Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah preferred this view due to the strength of its evidence from the Quran, the Sunnah, and analogical reasoning. Despite the strength of the evidence for this view, whoever makes up the fast out of precaution has done well.