What is the difference between fard and wajib? And what are the views of the jurists on this?
Most scholars hold that "fard" (obligatory), "" (necessary), "hatm" (unavoidable), "lazim" (incumbent), and "maktub" (prescribed) are synonymous terms referring to a single meaning: that which entails sin for its intentional abandonment and invalidates an act of worship without it. As for Abu Hanifa, he views "fard" as that which is established by definitive proof, and "wajib" as that which is established by presumptive proof; abandoning the latter entails sin but does not invalidate the act of worship. Meanwhile, the Hanbalis differentiate between "fard" and "wajib" in prayer: "fard" includes actions like bowing (ruku') and prostration (), while "wajib" includes actions like the first .
Summary from Ftawy's records · added here
Reviewed by El Fatwa's sharia committee.
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