ما الفرق بين الفرض والواجب؟ وما هي آراء الفقهاء فيها؟

Most scholars hold that "fard" (obligatory), "wajib" (necessary), "hatm" (unavoidable), "lazim" (incumbent), and "maktub" (prescribed) are synonymous terms referring to a single meaning: that which entails sin for its intentional abandonment and invalidates an act of worship without it. As for Abu Hanifa, he views "fard" as that which is established by definitive proof, and "wajib" as that which is established by presumptive proof; abandoning the latter entails sin but does not invalidate the act of worship. Meanwhile, the Hanbalis differentiate between "fard" and "wajib" in prayer: "fard" includes actions like bowing (ruku') and prostration (sujud), while "wajib" includes actions like the first tashahhud.