What is the difference between making up a missed prayer (Al-Qadaa) and completing a prayer (Al-Itmam) in Salah, and did the Four Imams agree on a single ruling regarding the latecomer (Al-Masbuq) in prayer, or did they differ?
The jurisprudential disagreement regarding the rulings concerning a latecomer to prayer (masbuq) is based on the issue of: Is what he catches up with the Imam the beginning of his prayer or its end? That is, does he make up (qaḍāʾ) or complete (itmām)?
This disagreement has jurisprudential implications, including: - The place for reciting the opening supplication (duʿāʾ al-istiftāḥ) and seeking refuge (taʿawwudh). - The manner of recitation (aloud or silently) for one who missed loud (jahrī) rakʿahs. - The place for the qunūt supplication in the Witr prayer. - How a latecomer performs the extra takbīrāt of the Eid prayer. - How a latecomer follows the Imam in the funeral prayer. - The place for the first for a latecomer.
Summary from Ftawy's records · added here
Reviewed by El Fatwa's sharia committee.
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