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The question

How can the attributes of "Swift in Retribution" and "Forbearing" be reconciled for Allah, the Almighty?

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Source: FtawySummarized from the full answer at Ftawy · imported Sep 2, 20261 min readAlso available in العربية
The answer

Allah Almighty informed about Himself that He is swift in account-taking in eight places in the Qur’an, among them His saying: {That Allah may recompense every soul according to what it earned. Indeed, Allah is swift in account-taking} [Ibrahim: 51]. And He informed that He is swift in punishment in two places, which are His sayings: {Indeed, your Lord is swift in punishment, and indeed, He is Forgiving and Merciful} [Al-An'am: 165, and Al-A'raf: 167]. Al-Sa'di explained the swiftness of punishment as being for those who disobey Him and deny His verses, and that Allah is Forgiving and Merciful to those who believe, do righteous deeds, and repent. He clarified that Allah is Clement and Most Forbearing towards the people of disbelief, immorality, and disobedience, granting them respite to repent. Some interpreted the swiftness of account-taking as meaning that one account does not distract Him from another, or that He will take account of creation on the Day of Resurrection in a short time. Al-Sha'rawi said that the swiftness of punishment means that a person may die at any moment, and with their death, their accountability and punishment begin. It must be noted that Al-Haleem (the Clement) is one of Allah's names, and clemency is one of His attributes. As for the swiftness of account-taking and punishment, it is an attribute related to an action of Allah concerning His servants. So, when Allah mentions mercy, benevolence, and forgiveness, He attributes it to His Self, and when He mentions punishment, He attributes it to His actions.

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Ftawy
Original fatwa ID
119095
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Source text, unreviewed
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