Are washing the anus, the navel, and the insides of the ears, as well as rinsing the mouth, sniffing water up the nose, and ensuring water reaches the roots of the hair, among the obligatory acts of ghusl al-janabah?

There are two types of obligatory ghusl (ritual bath): complete and sufficient. Rinsing the mouth (madmada) and sniffing water into the nose (istinshaq) are part of the obligatory ghusl according to the Hanafis and Hanbalis, while the Malikis and Shafi'is consider them sunnah (recommended). It is also obligatory to deliver water to the scalp and hair roots, and to wash the navel, the outer part of the anal opening, both outer and inner surfaces of the earlobes, and to wipe the outer part of the ear canals with water, but not their inner part. The basis for this is Allah's saying: "And if you are in a state of janabah, then purify yourselves" (Qur'an 5:6), and the Prophet, peace be upon him, clarified this through his actions and his command to cover the entire body with water. All visible parts of the body must be washed, including the folds of the abdomen, the navel, the wrinkles of the anus, and the entire body must be encompassed by the ghusl, as well as what appears from the ear canals, the cracks in the body, what is under the prepuce, and what becomes visible to a thayyib (previously married person) when relieving oneself. Water must be delivered to all hair on the skin and to its roots.