What is the ruling on the actions of an insane person, and what are the resulting implications for accountability and responsibility concerning him, his family, or in the event of his transgression against another?

The insane person is not held accountable [literally, "the pen is lifted from him"] and is not obligated [by religious duties], so he will not be judged for his actions, because intellect is a condition for obligation. The family of the insane person will not be held accountable unless they neglected his care and allowed him to harm people or be harmed. And whatever property the insane person destroys or whatever killing he commits, he is liable for it to its owners, and accountability is not a condition for his liability. The blood money [Diyah] is to be paid by his Aqilah [male relatives on the father's side].