Is expiation (kaffarah) obligatory for one who helped his brother abort a fetus resulting from an illicit relationship, and is expiation obligatory for the brother and for the friend who directed them to the doctor?

The questioner, his brother, his friend, the doctor, and the girl all erred by participating in the abortion. His brother and the girl committed an even greater error by engaging in fornication. Aborting a fetus after the ensoulment (when the soul is breathed into it) necessitates a 'ghurrah' (a male or female slave). If not available, then ten percent of the mother's blood money is required, as it is authentically reported that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, ruled with this. Scholars differed on the obligation of fasting two consecutive months. The one obligated to provide the 'ghurrah' and the expiation (for those who deem it obligatory) is the doctor, because he directly performed the abortion.