What is the ruling on saying "I praise him for his safety" or "I thank him for his safety" after a patient recovers, and is this statement considered disbelief?

Your statement "I praise him for his well-being" means that you say to him, "Praise be to Allah for your well-being," and "your thanking him" means thanking him. This is permissible. Praise (hamd) is verbal commendation for a beautiful, voluntary act, while gratitude (shukr) for a blessing is expressed through the heart, tongue, and limbs. Your words contain no disbelief (kufr) or polytheism (shirk), and mentioning praise when visiting the sick is appropriate. Allah has commanded showing gratitude to parents, and it is stated in the Hadith, "Whoever does not thank the people does not thank Allah," and "Whoever does not thank the little does not thank the much, and whoever does not thank the people does not thank Allah." Absolute praise and absolute gratitude belong to Allah alone. However, praising and thanking people for what Allah has facilitated through their hands is legislated.