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Is the consensus of scholars considered a legitimate proof in Islam based on the Qur'an and Sunnah?

2 min readAlso available in العربية

Authentic Ijma' (consensus) is one of the sources of Islamic legislation, and it is a binding legal proof that cannot be contravened. There are many proofs for its authority from the Quran and the Sunnah:

From the Holy Quran: (And whoever opposes the Messenger after guidance has become clear to him and follows other than the way of the believers - We will give him what he has taken and drive him into Hell; and evil it is as a destination.) (An-Nisa: 115). This verse threatens with torment whoever follows other than the way of the believers, which indicates the obligation to follow their way (Ijma'). (And thus We have made you a middle nation that you may be witnesses over mankind and the Messenger may be a witness over you.) (Al-Baqarah: 143). Here, Allah made the Ummah witnesses, and their testimony is true, like the testimony of the prophets, which confirms that what the Ummah attests to through its consensus is true. (And if you disagree over anything, refer it to Allah and the Messenger, if you should believe in Allah and the Last Day.) (An-Nisa: 59). This verse indicates that what the Ummah has agreed upon does not need to be referred back to the Book and the Sunnah, sufficing with Ijma'.

From the Prophetic Sunnah: The saying of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him: (Indeed, Allah will not gather my Ummah upon error, and the hand of Allah is with the Jama'ah [community].) Narrated by At-Tirmidhi. The hadiths that command adherence to the community of Muslims and forbid opposing them, such as his saying, peace and blessings be upon him: (No one who separates from the Jama'ah even by a span and dies, but dies a death of ignorance.) Narrated by Al-Bukhari and Muslim.

Scholars have used these proofs to establish that Ijma' is a legal proof and that it is impossible for the Ummah to agree upon falsehood.

Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026

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