Is there any mention in the Quran or Sunnah that indicates the existence of a deferred dowry (mu'akhkhar al-sadaq) as a right for the wife upon divorce?

The Quran and Sunnah do not explicitly mention deferred dower (mu'akhkhar al-sadaq), but it is included within them because it is part of the dower, which is a right for the woman. This is affirmed by Allah's saying: "And give the women (upon marriage) their dower as a free gift," and by the saying of the Prophet, peace be upon him: "Seek [something to offer as dower] even if it is an iron ring." It is permissible for the entire dower to be prompt (paid immediately), or entirely deferred, or partly deferred and partly prompt, because it is compensation for enjoyment.