Is someone who lost a financial trust (a sum of money and a passport) that did not belong solely to him, religiously obligated to compensate its owner for it, if he dealt with it as he would with his own money, and no negligence on his part is proven?

Trusts (amanat) are not guaranteed except in cases of transgression or negligence, based on the Prophet's (peace be upon him) saying: "There is no guarantee upon one who is entrusted." Thus, if a deposited item (wadi'ah) is destroyed without negligence on the part of the trustee, he is not liable, and this is the view of the majority of scholars. However, if the trustee transgresses or is negligent in its safekeeping, then he is liable. If you were not negligent in safeguarding the bag, you are not obligated to compensate your friend. In case of disagreement, the matter should be referred to the Sharia court.