What is the share of profits due to each partner in a maintenance shop that has no sales, given that one of the partners does not work in it? And is it permissible for the working partner to buy the other partner's share to meet his need by being the sole operator of the business?

The manner of agreement when purchasing the shop is not clear. Was the capital and effort from both of you, or was only half of the capital from your partner, and half of the capital and the work from you, or what? Among the permissible partnerships are: Shirkah al-Inan (where both parties contribute capital and work, or contribute capital and one of them works), Shirkah al-Mudharabah (investing a known sum of money with someone who trades with it for a known, shared portion of the profit), and Shirkah al-Abdan (a partnership in work from both sides with an agreed-upon profit). There are also Shirkah al-Wujuh and Shirkah al-Mufawadah. Ibn Qudamah stated in "Al-Mughni": "There are four permissible types of partnerships, one of which is Shirkah al-Abdan." Al-Khiraqi mentioned in his compendium: "If two persons partner with the capital of one of them, or two persons with the capital of a third party, or a person and capital, or two capitals and the person of one of their owners, or two persons with their own capital, whether the capital is equal or different, all of that is permissible, and the profit is according to what they have agreed upon." A ruling cannot be made on the situation unless the true nature of the contract and what the parties agreed upon regarding work and profit are known. In the absence of an agreement, one should resort to the judiciary to resolve the dispute or consult scholars directly.