Is blood discharged on the eighteenth day of Ramadan considered menses or istihada (non-menstrual vaginal bleeding), knowing that it has the same characteristics as menstrual blood and is accompanied by pain? And in this case, is it permissible to pray, fast, and perform Umrah?

The return of blood is not considered a new menstruation or an extension of the previous one, because less than 13 days separate them, and the total duration of the two blood flows exceeds 15 days. Accordingly, the questioner is in a state of istihada (non-menstrual vaginal bleeding), and she must pray and fast during these days. She should perform ablution for each prayer after its time has begun, and she is permitted to perform 'Umrah while in a state of istihada.