Is it permissible to place another chair in front of me and put a cushion on it to prostrate upon, when unable to prostrate on the ground due to knee friction?

Your duty is to fear God to the best of your ability. You are not required to prostrate on the ground if it harms you. Rather, gesture in prostration to the best of your ability without harm, and you will have the reward of one who prostrates on the ground. It is permissible for you to raise a pillow or similar object to prostrate upon, according to many scholars, but this is not obligatory for you. The madhhabs differ on this matter: the Hanafis and Malikis hold the view of gesturing without raising anything to prostrate upon, while the Shafi'is and Hanbalis permit that or gesturing. All of this has been narrated.