Is it permissible to pray on a ritually impure rug by placing a pure and thick cloth over it, given the inability to pray standing or sitting after a surgical operation? And is it permissible to combine prayers when experiencing urinary incontinence, flatulence, and difficulty performing ablution and ghusl for each prayer? What should a menstruating woman do if she wishes to perform ghusl after menstruation but is not allowed to let water touch the surgical area?

The sick person should pray standing. If unable, then sitting. If unable, then lying on their side. It is preferable for the right side to face the Qiblah. They should motion for bowing and prostrating. It is permissible to pray on an impure mattress by placing a thick, pure piece of cloth over it, or if the bed is above an impure spot. It is permissible for the sick person to combine prayers, such as Dhuhr and Asr, and Maghrib and Isha. If you experience menstruation and it then ceases, ghusl (ritual bath) is obligatory. If you are unable to wash the affected (diseased) area, then wipe it with water. If that harms it, then wipe over the cast. If unable, then wash the healthy parts and perform tayammum (dry ablution) for the parts you cannot wash.