Is it permissible for a father to force his son to marry someone he does not desire?

A father cannot force his son to marry someone he does not desire. If the son is able to obey his father, he should do so. However, if it is difficult, he must convince his father of his refusal or seek mediation from righteous people. His refusal is not an act of disobedience (ʿuqūq) because obedience is only in what is good (bi’l-maʿrūf), and an undesirable marriage may lead to failure.