Is it permissible to supplicate against non-Muslims for their children to become orphans and for themselves to perish, whether they are combatants or peaceful, whether they reside in Dar al-Islam or outside it, and whether the supplication is individual or collective?

It is permissible to supplicate against disbelievers in general, especially those who are belligerent. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, supplicated against groups of them, and the Companions supplicated against disbelievers. However, it is not permissible to curse a specific living disbeliever, as he may embrace Islam and die as a Muslim.

As for supplicating for the destruction of all disbelievers on earth, this is an transgression in supplication, because Allah decreed their existence for a wisdom. Indeed, Noah, peace be upon him, supplicated for the destruction of his people after Allah informed him that none of his people would believe except those who had already believed, and then he was informed that he was not commanded to make this supplication. It was not from the guidance of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, to supplicate against all disbelievers; rather, he would specify those who were aggressors and supplicate for the guidance of those whose conversion to Islam he hoped for.