What are the types of meat forbidden in Islam, along with the evidence for their prohibition from the Qur’an and Sunnah, and the wisdom behind it?

The basic principle regarding meats is prohibition until their permissibility is known, as Al-Sa'di said: "And the basic principle concerning private parts, meats, the soul, and the wealth of the protected individual is their prohibition until permissibility comes, so understand, may Allah guide you, what is permissible." Among the forbidden meats are those from permissible livestock and birds that have not been slaughtered according to Islamic law, as well as pork, and the meat of every predatory animal with fangs, and every bird with talons, according to the majority of scholars.