How is the zakat calculated for a joint-stock company involved in gold trading, where each shareholder owns a different number of grams, and the total grams amount to 500 grams? Does each individual pay zakat on their share, or is the management responsible for paying it?

Each partner is to pay the Zakat (definition) on their share when it reaches the gold nisab (definition) (85 grams) and a hawl (full lunar year) has passed on it, whether by their share alone or by what is added to it from other funds. The company's management is not responsible for the Zakat of individual funds, and it is not permissible to pay Zakat on their behalf except with their authorization, because Zakat is an act of worship that requires intention (niyyah (definition)). Whoever's wealth has not reached the nisab owes no Zakat. The mixing of one's wealth with the company's or partners' wealth does not affect the obligation of Zakat, except for livestock, according to the majority of scholars.