Is it sufficient to bathe in a river or the sea in lieu of wudu' for performing prayer, if no other water is available?
If you perform ablution (wudu') from the sea, it is pure and sufficient, but bathing for cooling or removing dirt does not substitute for wudu'.
As for (ritual bath) for (major ritual impurity), it is permissible with the intention of removing both minor and major impurities. It is preferable to perform wudu' first, then ghusl, as this is what the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, used to do.
If one intends to remove both impurities with a single intention without wudu', it is sufficient according to some scholars, but it is preferable to follow the of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him.
The same applies to ghusl for menstruation: the menstruating woman performs wudu' then ghusl.
And the water of the sea, rivers, and wells are all pure.
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