What is meant by washing the face from ear to ear? Does it mean the upper part of the ear connected to the head to include the sideburns of the face? And does wiping the ear include the entire ear, front and back?

The face must be washed during ablution. Its boundaries, lengthwise, extend from the hairline to the chin, and widthwise, from ear to ear. This includes the white area between the ear and the 'adhar' (the hair growing on the bone opposite the ear canal). As for the 'naz'atan' (the areas where hair recedes from the forehead) and the 'sadgh' (the hair above the 'adhar'), they are part of the head and do not need to be washed with the face; rather, they are wiped along with the head. The 'tahdheef' (the hair extending from the sides of the forehead to the edge of the face) is considered part of the face and must be washed.

As for the ears, they are wiped: their insides with the index fingers, and their outsides with the thumbs. It is not necessary to trace their cartilage.