How is God's justice manifested in His creation of some people as Muslims and others as disbelievers, and in holding accountable those who grew up in a Muslim environment compared to those who grew up in a non-Muslim environment, especially since the environment of Islamic countries contributes to guiding hearts towards faith?

If this problem were to be validly invoked, Muslims would argue amongst themselves due to the variations in their countries regarding tribulations, corruption, acts of obedience, and transgressions. This applies even within a single country, and such variations also occur across different eras and times. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, informed us about the tribulations of the End Times and that holding onto the religion would be like grasping a burning ember. However, this does not negate accountability, for truth remains truth even if its مخالفين (opponents) are numerous. Ability and inability are taken into account when adhering to it, for Allah excused one who is compelled to utter a word of disbelief. The Law of Allah differentiates between people in terms of obligations and varies rewards according to circumstances and hardship. Thus, a worker in times of tribulation receives the reward of fifty men who perform similar work in times of security.