Is it permissible for a farmer to rent agricultural land from another person for a year in exchange for a lump sum payment?
What is mentioned in the question is the renting or leasing of land, and it has sections: The first is leasing it for gold, silver, or monetary currency for a known period. This is permissible according to the general body of jurists. Tawus, Al- Al-Basri, and Ibn Hazm disagreed with this, arguing with hadiths prohibiting the renting of land. However, their opinion is weak because there are hadiths that qualify the prohibition, such as the saying of Rafi' bin Khadij: "As for gold and silver, he did not prohibit us," and the saying of the Prophet (peace be upon him): "As for something known and guaranteed, there is no harm." As for leasing it for a known amount of food or a communal share of what it produces, there is disagreement among scholars regarding this.
Summary from Ftawy's records · added here
Reviewed by El Fatwa's sharia committee.
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