What are the voluntary prayers in the Hanbali school of thought, both regular (ratibah) and irregular (ghayr ratibah), and what is the number of rak'ahs for each of them? Is it permissible to perform sixteen rak'ahs voluntarily after the 'Isha prayer, in addition to the night vigil in the last part of the night?
According to the Hanbalis, the regular prayers are ten rak'ahs: two rak'ahs before Dhuhr, two rak'ahs after it, two rak'ahs after Maghrib, two rak'ahs after Isha, and two rak'ahs before Fajr. Their evidence is the of Ibn Umar.
The non-regular Sunnah prayers are twenty rak'ahs: four before Dhuhr and four after it, four before Asr, four after Maghrib, and four after Isha. It is recommended to consistently perform them.
The night prayer (Salat al-Layl) is recommended, and it is better than the daytime prayer. One may pray as many rak'ahs as they wish, in sets of two, and then perform Witr afterwards. Witr is the most emphasized of the Sunnah prayers, its minimum is one rak'ah and its maximum is eleven rak'ahs.
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