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The question

What are the sayings of the Four Imams concerning the interpretation of the verse: {Indeed, Allah will not change the condition of a people until they change what is in themselves}, and when was it revealed, and what is the story of its revelation?

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Source: FtawySummarized from the full answer at Ftawy · imported Sep 2, 20261 min readAlso available in العربية
The answer

Al-Baghawi mentioned that Abd al-Rahman ibn Zayd said that verses (10-14) of Surat al-Ra'd were revealed concerning Amir ibn al-Tufayl and Arbad ibn Rabi'ah. They came to the Prophet, peace be upon him, and Amir negotiated with him for kingship. The Prophet, peace be upon him, refused. Then they conspired to kill him treacherously, but Allah protected His Prophet and withered Arbad's hand. The two left, and Sa'd ibn Mu'adh and Usayd ibn Hudayr threatened them. Then they threatened with armies, so Allah sent a thunderbolt upon Arbad, and Amir was afflicted with the plague and died from it. However, Al-Tabari rejected this interpretation from Abd al-Rahman ibn Zayd, due to its deviation from the interpretation of the verse and its contradiction with other statements in its exegesis.

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Ftawy
Original fatwa ID
147053
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Source text, unreviewed
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